CHAPTER V

MESSA MACHINE

HISTORY OF THE MESSA MACHINE

Messa was a large Portuguese company that produced and sold mechanical typewriters for 60 countries, but electric typewriters were dominating the market. It asked for the help of the ENER team to design a next generation electronic typewriter. In just over a year, the a very innovative machine was developed, which was presented at the Hanover Fair in April 1984.

Desk electronic typewriter
SOME TEAM MEMBERS: (from right to left) SÉRGIO D’ESPINAY, EDUARDO SÁ MARTA, AND VIRIATO MARQUES

For the project to be economically viable orders of around 40 thousand typewriters per year were needed. The target was largely exceeded as 200 thousand machines per year were ordered. But Messa was a public company and needed support from the Government to produce the new machine; the decision was not taken and the company went bankrupt.

See the Other Side of the Crisis
RTP documentary from 1985
watch from 34:40
Technical description of the machine

The machine was based on a daisy wheel, which is a plastic wheel with many radial arms, each with an embossed letter. A motor turns the daisy wheel to place in the upper position the letter you want to print. A small hammer hits this arm, which presses a ribbon with paint against the paper, printing the letter.

Machine interior, black version
Machine interior, white version

The big challenge was to do this at high speed, using components as cheap as possible. The big breakthrough achieved was to use less precise motors, using carefully timed electrical impulses to stabilize the daisy wheel, thus allowing fast and stable writing on a cheap, very competitive typewriter.